"to promote chinese-style modernization is a systematic project, which requires overall consideration, systematic planning and overall promotion, and a series of important relations such as top-level design and practical exploration, strategy and strategy, integrity and innovation, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, self-reliance and self-improvement and opening up should be properly handled." at the opening of jinping xi seminar for newly elected members and alternate members of the cpc central committee and provincial and ministerial leading cadres to study and implement the thought on socialism with chinese characteristics for a new era and the party's twenty great spirits, general secretary jinping xi scientifically grasped the law of modernization and elaborated systematically on a series of important relations that need to be handled well in practice. it provides scientific methodology for us to vigorously promote chinese modernization. human society is a complex giant system, and the adaptive evolution of chinese modernization under specific time and space conditions is full of complexity and uncertainty challenges. qian xuesen, the "father of china's space industry", founded the "chinese school of system engineering". he believed that system engineering is a technique of organization management, and it is of great significance to do well the system engineering, because the improvement of the level of organization management is one of the most important matters in our country's four modernizations. from the perspective of the architecture of chinese modernization system engineering, it mainly covers the following five key links, which are the understanding basis for correctly handling a series of important relations.
first, demand management. the requirement management of the system is mainly to obtain the operation and maintenance capability, that is, to determine the specific capability requirements of the system to complete the mission and tasks. demand management can be grasped from the main body and content. the main body is the basic unit of the system and the most basic subsystem. its basic need is to fully acquire the negative entropy flow (all substances, energy and information conducive to improving the orderliness of the system) to maintain itself and realize evolution. negative entropy flow originates from the environment. in order to cope with the uncertainty of the environment, the main body gathers to form a new whole. therefore, the complex system presents various hierarchical structures. to promote chinese-style modernization, we need to take into account the diverse needs of different levels of subjects, among which it is of special significance to take into account the needs of basic levels. the people are the mainstay of the social system, and seeking happiness for the people and rejuvenation for the nation is not only the starting point and goal of our party's leadership in modernization, but also the "root" and "soul" of our new development philosophy. to advance chinese-style modernization, we need to proceed from the recurring problems that the people are concerned about, have strong complaints about, and come up with more reform and innovative measures to solve one problem at a time, such as employment, education, medical care, social security, housing, elderly care, food safety, the ecological environment, and public order. we will strive to ensure that our people have a greater sense of gain, a more sustainable sense of happiness, and a more secure sense of security.
the second is the top-level design. the top level design of the system aims at the effective play of the demand ability, and the roadmap and schedule of the top level design mainly focus on the effective realization of the integration of the system operation, maximizing the coordination of all levels, so as to give play to the overall ability of the system. the top-level design link requires the integration of planning, planning and design is to ensure the overall efficient operation of the system planning, through the comprehensive deepening of reform so that the system unit can realize any modular combination, the internal and between subsystems to achieve the nested structure, functional coordination, material, energy and information in the process of unimpeded, so as to maximize the overall emergence. top-level design is the behavior of the macro scale level of the system. the macro level of the system can recognize and interfere with its own evolution in a long period of time.
the communist party of china is good at guiding economic and social development with medium - and long-term plans. since 1953, china has formulated and implemented 13 five-year plans (plans), eight of which have been formulated and implemented since reform and opening up. these plans have vigorously promoted economic and social development, enhanced overall national strength, and improved people's lives, creating a miracle of rapid economic development and long-term social stability rarely seen in the world. building a modern socialist country in an all-round way requires the interaction and coordination of all its members as a guarantee. only by making overall planning can we make reform decisions more scientific. to fully build a modern socialist country requires corresponding reform and opening up measures. we need to make overall plans for the economic, political, cultural, social and ecological systems, strengthen the study and assessment of the relevance of various reforms, and strive to ensure that the overall situation and local areas are complemented, that root causes and symptoms are addressed in combination, and that gradual progress is made while breakthroughs are made.
third, comprehensive integration link. the comprehensive integration of the system means that multiple subjects, multiple elements or multiple levels are organically integrated together to form a more complete, more complex and more efficient system. comprehensive integration establishes a clear boundary for the system, so that the system is distinct from the inside and outside, and can then interact selectively with the environment as a relatively independent unit. the multiple interactive relations between the subject and the element make the construction of the system a complex project. therefore, the system should not only weigh the demand ability from the overall height, but also consider the matching degree of the system subject and the element to the mission task from the conditions of the underlying execution unit and infrastructure. in the process of system evolution, there is often a tendency of centralization, and some parts get the position of dominating other parts, that is, forming the control center. the control center belongs to the macro level of the system and is the other organizer within the system. therefore, it can promote comprehensive integration and system reform from a global perspective to ensure the high efficiency or relative advantages of the system. one of the essential requirements of chinese-style modernization is adherence to the leadership of the communist party of china, which is the greatest strength of the socialist system with chinese characteristics. the party's leadership is comprehensive, systematic and integrated, and must be implemented comprehensively, systematically and as a whole. the socialist system of national governance with chinese characteristics naturally has the advantage of a comprehensive and integrated system. in the process of modernizing the system and capacity for national governance, china has put in place a whole set of interconnected fundamental systems, basic systems and important systems in the economic, political, cultural and social fields. as a whole, all parts of the socialist system with chinese characteristics are not isolated from each other, but are interconnected and highly coordinated.
fourth, the link of evolutionary change. the so-called evolutionary change involves the change of system state, structure and behavior over time. the main purpose is to make the system adapt to the new environment, have new capabilities and fulfill new missions. the evolution behavior of the system includes two kinds: the evolution of elements and the evolution of structure. the specific behaviors of element evolution include the change of system mission and task, the evolution of capability, and the entry or exit of participants. there is an interactive relationship between these evolutionary behaviors, and the high-level evolution drives the underlying evolution. for example, once the system mission and task are adjusted, new elements may need to be added or corresponding structural adjustment made. evolutionary change is the process of system innovation in the center: the so-called "correct" means that the system changes according to the principles consistent with itself, and self-reference is the basic process of system evolutionary change. the system has formed its own unique attributes, functions, values and forms in the interaction with the environment, and it is on this basis that the evolution of the system determines the future direction. chinese modernization has not only the common features of modernization of other countries, but also chinese characteristics based on china's own national conditions. we must unswervingly adhere to the chinese characteristics, essential requirements and major principles of chinese modernization to ensure the right direction of chinese modernization. chinese modernization is generated on the basis of the unique history and reality of chinese society, which is a major innovation to the theory and practice of world modernization. the so-called "innovation" means that the system constantly realizes adaptive change based on the environment. on the one hand, the largest environment of the system is other systems, and the needs of other systems largely determine the function, structure and evolution direction of the system. on the other hand, the environment provides specific material, energy and information for the system reform, so the environment largely determines the specific ways for the system to realize its mission in the reform. to promote chinese modernization, we should pay special attention to the dynamic guiding role of environment, break the outdated thinking pattern, and promote reform through opening up.
fifth, the evaluation and verification process. evaluation and verification is an important guarantee for continuous system evolution without deviating from the system goal. the evaluation and verification of the system includes two aspects: experimental verification and effective evaluation measure. system verification is to verify the results of various stages in the process of engineering implementation, mainly focusing on the requirements, design, impact and other aspects of the system. the problem of effective evaluation measure of system is the basis to solve the problem of analysis, construction, improvement and evolution by system engineering technology. the effective evaluation measure of the system not only includes comprehensive capability evaluation, efficiency evaluation and contribution rate analysis, but also includes the effectiveness of the system structure and operation process, as well as the effectiveness of the system evolution, that is, the effectiveness measure when the system is relatively stable and the effectiveness measure when the system is dynamically evolving. the essential requirements of chinese-style modernization are the main basis for the systematic evaluation and verification, that is, upholding the leadership of the communist party of china, upholding socialism with chinese characteristics, achieving high-quality development, people's democracy throughout the development process, enriching the people's spiritual world, realizing common prosperity for all people, promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature, building a community with a shared future for mankind, and creating a new form of human civilization. according to this standard, the effective evaluation measure of the promotion of chinese-style modernization needs the transformation from qualitative to quantitative analysis and from quantitative to qualitative analysis for specific tasks. in particular, the conflict between the relative stability and dynamic evolution of the system should be fully taken into account, and the absolutism and immobilizing of evaluation and verification should be avoided. the standards for evaluation and verification guide the evolution of system structure and function to a large extent. if the standards are not properly defined, the system is not only difficult to achieve the expected function or goal, but also may destroy its original order and adaptability. for example, if common prosperity is misunderstood as uniform prosperity, it will discourage people's enthusiasm for production, restrain the development of social productive forces, and fail to promote the common prosperity of all people. as a matter of fact, common prosperity means common prosperity for all the people. it means prosperity for the people in both material and spiritual life. it is not the prosperity of a few people, nor is it a uniform egalitarianism. its aim is to grow the pie further while dividing it more sensibly.
source: party school of the cpc central committee (chinese academy of governance)